About Circassians

Circassians lived in the north Caucasus between the Black Sea in the West to the borders of the Chechen Republic in the East. The highest peak in the Caucasus is 5633 m which is called Mount Elburs. They consist from 12 tribes.Those tribes are represented as 12 starts in their flag.

1. Abadzeh:( Is the biggest circassian tribe , their number are 260 000).
   


2. Besleney:( They live in the valley of Big and Small Laba and on the coast of Urup)
   


3. Bzhedug:(They divided in 2 groups: those who lived close to the black Sea and those who lived in territory of Kuban river).
   


4. Yegeruqay:(They lived between rivers White and Laba).
   


5. Zhaney :( After the Russian war, this tribe was wholly destroyed).
   


6. Kabarday :( It is also the connecting point between the Western and Eastern Caucasus).


7. Mamheg:(They consist from three big families: Shnah , Mami, and Tlizhho).
   


8. Natuhay: ( The first tribe that establish trade connection with turkey).
   


9. Temirgoy:( is the strongest and most powerful tribe).
   


10. Ubyh: (This tribe is assumed to be fist mentioned in the sources of 5th-7th century as a tribe Bruh).
    


11. Shapsug :(They composed 2/3 of Circassian population).
    


12. Hatukay:(Is the smallest tribe).
    

The circassians have three main languages.

1- Adyghabza: This language is composed of two branches: eastern and western Adghabza. It consists from 52 letters. There are 500,00 circassians who spoke this language. This is a website dictionary that translate words from Arabic to Adyghabza and vice versa. Carcassian Dictionary

2- Abkhaz-Abaza: This language was spoken in the Abkhaz republic and in the Karachai-Cherkess republic. There are 100,00 people who spoke this language.

3- The Ubykh Language: It’s an extinct language; its no more exist since 7th of October 1992.

After the war Carcassian people immigrate to many countries. The table below shows the counties as well as the populatuion of carcassians in each country.

Place	Population
Turkey	2000,000
Russia	900,000
Jordan	126,000
Syria	30,000
Germany	15,000
USA	5000
Palastine	3000
Holland	2500